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Sobre la Ley de Economía Sostenible

El pasado viernes era aprobado por el Consejo de Ministros el nuevo texto del Proyecto de Ley de Economía Sostenible que, entre otras muchas cuestiones, propone una serie de reformas legislativas con el fin de erradicar las vulneraciones de propiedad intelectual que cometen determinadas páginas web que facilitan enlaces, en la mayor parte de las ocasiones con un claro y evidente ánimo de lucro, a contenidos protegidos por derechos de autor sin la autorización de sus titulares.

Mucho se ha dicho sobre esta reforma y ha tenido un eco mediático considerable. No obstante, desde Derecho en Red hemos constatado la existencia de informaciones incorrectas, afirmaciones demagógicas y planteamientos desproporcionados que sustraen a los ciudadanos de un análisis distanciado y completo de las implicaciones jurídicas de la reforma planteada.

Desde Derecho en Red no creemos que esta reforma sea la más apropiada. Entendemos que es necesario enjuiciar todas las infracciones de propiedad intelectual que se comentan “online” u “offline” y, en particular, a todos aquellos prestadores de servicios que se lucran facilitando enlaces a descargas, directas o a través de redes P2P, a contenidos protegidos. Pero tal enjuiciamiento debe hacerse desde las garantías y vías de protección que contempla la normativa de propiedad intelectual vigente.

El ordenamiento ya contempla la posibilidad de plantear acciones de cesación contra los responsables de servicios de la Sociedad de la Información. Los titulares de derechos de autor pueden solicitar de los órganos judiciales las acciones de cesación que les permite la Ley (el artículo 138 de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual dice expresamente que pueden solicitarse dichas medidas «aunque los actos de dichos intermediarios no constituyan en sí mismos una infracción»), que actualmente son tomadas en el plazo medio de dos meses. Dicho plazo, muy lejos del utilizado para la resolución definitiva del procedimiento judicial, permite garantizar de forma efectiva los derechos de propiedad intelectual sin la necesidad de plantear una reforma tan importante como es la que se incluye este Proyecto de Ley.

En este orden de cosas, si el Ejecutivo considera que en el marco jurídico actual no existen medios suficientes para la protección de los derechos de los autores o titulares de derechos, debe abrir una reflexión, en sede de la propia Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, y proponer, en su caso, una reforma de los medios de protección ya contemplados en esa norma, sin necesidad de:

1.- Elevar los derechos de propiedad intelectual, derechos privados y de naturaleza patrimonial, a un estatus equiparable a intereses dignos de protección reforzada, como el orden público, la seguridad pública, defensa nacional, la salud o la infancia, y los derechos fundamentales.

2.- Atribuir a un órgano de naturaleza administrativa la tutela, protección y defensa de estos intereses privados, que podrá intervenir en toda prestación de servicios de la sociedad de la información que potencialmente pueda causar una lesión de derechos de propiedad intelectual, con la indefinición e inseguridad jurídica que ello supone.

3.- Establecer un mecanismo procesal, supuestamente de control judicial ante el conflicto con derechos fundamentales como la libertad de expresión o el derecho a la información, sumario e impreciso.

Con tal de facilitar la comprensión de la regulación planteada por el anteproyecto de la Ley de Economía Sostenible, desde Derecho en Red hemos redactado los siguientes documentos:

Publicado enJurisprudenciaPortadaPropiedad Intelectual e Industrial

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